学习指南

0 阅读指南

• 希望本文能够解开你心中萦绕已久的心结，假如是死结，请移步到 https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Main_Page
• 学习OpenStack其实就是学习各种Python库的过程。
• 把OpenStack的设计原则贴在你的墙上。 https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/BasicDesignTenets

1 OpenStack Hacker

• 态度：开放、主动、沟通
• 影响力：能说、能写、能分享
• 四化：自动化、流程化、系统化、文档化

2 基础技能

Python

• 书籍:
  • 《python参考手册》
  • 《python基础教程》
• 教程: Codecademy
• 挑战: Python Challenge
• 文档: Python v2.7.3 documentation
• 高阶:
  • The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Python!
  • Python Module of the Week

Linux

• 书籍:
  • 鸟哥的Linux私房菜
  • 《Unix环境高级编程》
  • 《UNIX系统编程》

Git

• 书籍：
  • Pro Git
  • GotGitHub
• 教程：
  • tryGit
  • GitImmersion
• 进阶：
  • visual-git-guide
  • a-successful-git-branching-model
• 最常用的git命令： Everyday GIT With 20 Commands Or So

Unittest

• 教程: python unittest

3 OpenStack 基础

The 5-minute Overview

OpenStack

is a global collaboration of developers and cloud computing technologists producing the ubiquitous open source cloud computing platform for

public and private clouds

. The project aims to deliver solutions for all types of clouds by being simple to implement, massively scalable, and feature rich. The technology consists of a series of

interrelated projects

delivering various components for a cloud infrastructure solution.

OpenStack

controls

large pools of compute, storage, and networking resources

throughout a datacenter, all managed through a dashboard that gives administrators control while empowering their users to provision resources through a web interface.

OpenStack 基本概念

• 介绍： https://www.openstack.org/software/
• Compute管理员手册(必看)： http://docs.openstack.org/trunk/openstack-compute/admin/content/ch_getting-started-with-openstack.html
• OpenStack End User Guide(必看): http://docs.openstack.org/user-guide/content/
• Network管理员手册： http://docs.openstack.org/folsom/openstack-network/admin/content/
• Object Storage管理员手册： http://docs.openstack.org/folsom/openstack-object-storage/admin/content/
• OpenStack文档： http://docs.openstack.org/
• OpenStack词汇表： http://docs.openstack.org/glossary/content/glossary.html
• 使用命令行管理openstack: http://docs.openstack.org/cli/quick-start/content/index.html
• OpenStack Wiki: https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Main_Page

简单安装 OpenStack

环境设置

为了快速安装OpenStack,你要设置最快的apt源(或者设置yum源)和pypi源。

• 设置apt源： http://blog.ubuntusoft.com/ubuntu-update-source.html
• 设置pypi源： http://www.v2ex.com/t/75316

你也可以搭建自己的apt源和pypi源：

• 搭建apt源：
  • http://blog.ef.net/2012/10/26/unbutu-release-upgrade-with-local-apt-mirror.html
  • http://www.cnblogs.com/kulin/archive/2012/08/08/2628400.html
• 搭建pypi源：
  • https://pypi.python.org/pypi/bandersnatch

devstack 安装

• 使用devstack安装 http://devstack.org
• 阅读devstack.sh脚本 http://devstack.org
• screen的使用： http://www.9usb.net/201002/linux-screen-mingling.html

devstack使用screen管理OpenStack各个服务，所以你要用screen调试OpenStack。

packstack(RHEL,CentOS) 安装

• git仓库: https://github.com/stackforge/packstack
• quickstart: http://openstack.redhat.com/Quickstart

deb包安装

• 使用VirtualBox安装OpenStack
• 在Ubuntu 12.04上安装OpenStack Folsom版(FlatDHCP+Multihost)
• Ubuntu12.04.2 OpenStack Grizzly 安装（Bridge）

源码安装

• 官方教程: http://docs.openstack.org/install/

调试 OpenStack

• pdb：
  • http://docs.python.org/2/library/pdb.html
  • http://blog.csdn.net/hackerain/article/details/8373597
  • http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cn-pythondebugger/

Python基本库

WSGI

• eventlet.wsgi: http://eventlet.net/doc/examples.html#wsgi-server
• webob: http://webob.org/
• pecan: http://pecanpy.org/
• wsme: http://pythonhosted.org/WSME/
• paste: http://pythonpaste.org/
• routes: http://routes.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

重要的库

• SQLAlchemy: http://www.sqlalchemy.org/
• libvirt: http://libvirt.org/index.html
• logging: http://docs.python.org/2/howto/logging-cookbook.html
• greenlet: http://greenlet.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
• eventlet: http://eventlet.net/
• kombu: http://kombu.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
• oslo.config: https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Oslo#oslo.config
• stevedore: http://stevedore.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

TESTING

• PythonTestingToolsTaxonomy: http://wiki.python.org/moin/PythonTestingToolsTaxonomy (all in one)
• testtools： https://readthedocs.org/projects/testtools/
• mox： http://code.google.com/p/pymox/wiki/MoxDocumentation
• mock： http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/mock/
• tox： http://tox.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
• fixtures： https://pypi.python.org/pypi/fixtures
• testscenarios： https://pypi.python.org/pypi/testscenarios/
• nose： https://nose.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
• testrepository： https://testrepository.readthedocs.org/en/latest/MANUAL.html

OpenStack基础组件

在OpenStack中，有一个重要的项目叫做Oslo(原名是openstack-common),给OpenStack其他项目提供基础组件。

• https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Oslo

RPC组件

• RPC组件
• http://blog.ftofficer.com/2010/03/translation-rabbitmq-python-rabbits-and-warrens/
• http://www.rabbitmq.com/tutorials/tutorial-six-python.html
• http://docs.openstack.org/developer/nova/devref/rpc.html

WSGI

• http://archimedeanco.com/wsgi-tutorial/

OpenStack 代码规范

• Python PEP8 规范:
  http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/

• OpenStack HACKING 规范:
  https://github.com/openstack-dev/hacking/blob/master/HACKING.rst

Python 深入学习

• 理解python中optparse.OptionParser类。 http://docs.python.org/library/optparse.html
• 理解collections.Mapping类。 http://docs.python.org/library/collections.html
• 分析浅拷贝，深拷贝 http://blog.csdn.net/winterttr/article/details/2590741 http://longmans1985.blog.163.com/blog/static/70605475200991603624942/ http://book.51cto.com/art/200806/77233.htm
• LoggerAdapter类 http://docs.python.org/howto/logging-cookbook.html#context-info
• 介绍rabbitmq http://blog.ftofficer.com/2010/03/translation-rabbitmq-python-rabbits-and-warrens/ http://kombu.readthedocs.org/en/latest/introduction.html#synopsis
• Python Decorators入门 http://blog.csdn.net/beckel/article/details/3585352
• Python @classmethod @staticmethod的区别。
• 五分钟理解元类（Metaclasses） http://www.cnblogs.com/coderzh/archive/2008/12/07/1349735.html
• nova中用到的python知识 http://canx.me/2011/12/%E4%B8%80%E4%BA%9Bpython/
• python中类的总结 http://ipseek.blog.51cto.com/1041109/802243
• with的总结 http://effbot.org/zone/python-with-statement.htm * Pool类 http://nullege.com/codes/search/eventlet.pools.Pool
• paste模块 http://pythonpaste.org/
• python魔术方法 http://pycoders-weekly-chinese.readthedocs.org/en/latest/issue6/a-guide-to-pythons-magic-methods.html
• Routes模块 http://routes.readthedocs.org/en/latest/index.html

• yield学习

• http://www.pythonclub.org/python-basic/yield

• http://blog.donews.com/limodou/archive/2006/09/04/1028747.aspx

• http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-python-yield/

• http://www.jeffknupp.com/blog/2013/04/07/improve-your-python-yield-and-generators-explained/

4 OpenStack 整体架构

架构图

必看：

• http://ken.pepple.info/openstack/2012/09/25/openstack-folsom-architecture/
• http://www.solinea.com/2013/06/15/openstack-grizzly-architecture-revisited/

OpenStack架构图，你可以点击放大。

工作流

Keystone Workflow

必看：

• https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/e93514d3-c4f0-4aa0-8844-497f370090f5/entry/openstack_keystone_workflow_token_scoping?lang=zh
• http://docs.openstack.org/trunk/openstack-compute/admin/content/keystone-concepts.html

点击可看大图。

Nova Workflow

必看：

• https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/e93514d3-c4f0-4aa0-8844-497f370090f5/entry/openstack_nova_api?lang=en
• http://ilearnstack.com/2013/04/26/request-flow-for-provisioning-instance-in-openstack/comment-page-1/

nova-api处理 REST 请求。

nova创建虚拟机的工作流。

OpenStack 核心项目

对各个项目简要分析：

http://www.slideshare.net/randybias/state-of-the-stack-april-2013

核心项目的分析：

• Keystone ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/keystone/
  • http://www.slideshare.net/openstackindia/openstack-keystone-identity-service
• Glance ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/glance/
• Nova ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/nova/
  • https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/e93514d3-c4f0-4aa0-8844-497f370090f5/entry/openstack_nova_scheduler_and_its_algorithm27?lang=en
• Cinder ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/cinder/
  • Cinder grizzly deep dive pub
• Neutron ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/neutron/
  • http://www.slideshare.net/openstackindia/openstack-quantum-16710792
  • http://www.slideshare.net/lewtucker/openstack-quantum-network-service
  • http://www.slideshare.net/openstackindia/openstack-quantum-18418306
• Horizon ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/horizon/
• Swift ：
  • http://docs.openstack.org/developer/swift/
  • http://blog.csdn.net/alex890714/article/details/7314780
  • Swift架构与实践
• Oslo ：

通用机制的分析：

• quota: http://blog.csdn.net/hackerain/article/details/8223125
• policy: http://blog.csdn.net/hackerain/article/details/8241691

5 OpenStack 部署/管理

OpenStack 自动化部署

Puppet:

• https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Puppet-openstack
• https://github.com/stackforge/puppet-openstack
• https://puppetlabs.com/solutions/openstack/

Fule: Mirantis出品的部署工具，从裸机到OpenStack组件再到HA全部搞定

• https://fuel.mirantis.com/

OpenStack 监控

• OpenStack 监控: http://www.mirantis.com/blog/openstack-monitoring/

6 参与 OpenStack 社区

都在这里:

https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Main_Page

• 山头： https://review.openstack.org/#/admin/groups
• 向社区提交Patch： https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/How_To_Contribute
• gerrit的使用： https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Gerrit_Workflow
• Review别人的Patch： https://review.openstack.org
• 参与IRC Meeting：
  • https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Meetings
  • https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Mailing_Lists
  • https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/People
• 参与邮件列表讨论： https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Mailing_Lists
• 跟踪OpenStack项目的发展：
  • http://www.openstack.org/blog/
  • http://planet.openstack.org/
  • https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Special:RecentChanges
  • http://github.com/openstack
  • https://github.com/stackforge/ (You will like it)
  • https://github.com/openstack-dev/
  • https://github.com/openstack-infra
• 学习CI： http://ci.openstack.org/

7 OpenStack 二次开发

• 开发Nova的扩展API：
  • https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/e93514d3-c4f0-4aa0-8844-497f370090f5/entry/openstack_nova_api?lang=zh
  • https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/WritingRequestExtensions
  • http://stephanfr.com/2013/04/07/creating-an-openstack-keystone-helloworld-extension/
  • http://www.cnblogs.c
  • om/willier/archive/2013/05/22/3092961.html
• 开发Cinder的driver：
  • 新的driver必须满足 Minimum Features ,参考同类型的driver，依葫芦画瓢。

8 OpenStack 生态圈

• OpenStack幕后的公司： http://www.chenshake.com/behind-the-openstack-company
• State of The Stack： http://www.slideshare.net/randybias/state-of-the-stack-april-2013 (一针见血)
• OpenStack贡献排行榜： http://stackalytics.com/
• OpenStack实践分享： http://www.mirantis.com/blog/ (mirantis是目前最成功的OpenStack系统集成商)

原文地址：http://way4ever.com/?p=349